How to refer to time: the time of day and time in general

 
1. time of day: "hora"
  • What time is it? ¿Qué hora es? 
  • It is time to go to bed.   Es hora de dormir.
2. time in a general sense: "tiempo"
  • I don't have time to go out with my friends.  No tengo tiempo para salir con mis amigos.
3. an era (epoch) or period of (historical) time: "época"
  • At that time women could not participate in the elections. 
  • En esa época no podían participar las mujeres en las elecciones.
  • In the Victorian Age women could not participate in the elections.
  • En la época victoriana no podían participar las mujeres en las elecciones.
4.  an instance, doing something "one or more times": "vez"
  • I travelled by plane for the for the first time.  Viajé por avión por primera vez. 
  • How many times have I told you to be quiet?  ¿Cuántas veces te he dicho que te calles? 
  • It's the first time I've eaten at this restaurant.  Es la primera vez que he comido en este restaurante.
5.  a while or a period of time (also spent somewhere or doing something): "temporada" or "un rato"
  • It's the tourist season (time) in Charleston now.  Es la temporada turística en Charleston ahora.
  • I was in the library for a while.  Estaba un rato en la biblioteca.
  • We spent some time in North Carolina: Pasamos una temporada en North Carolina.